Knee Dynamic Analysis Based on 2D-to-3D Registration of Fluoroscopic and Angiographic Images
Amir Hossein Saveh,
Ali Reza Zali,
Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Functional Neurosurgery Research Centre, Tehran, Iran
Seyyed Morteza Kazemi
Sohrab Keyhani
Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Akhtar Orthopaedic Research Centre, Tehran, Iran
Hanafiah Yussof
Hanafiah Yussof, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia
Hamid Reza Katouzian
Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Amirkabir University, Tehran, Iran
Qureish Vanat
Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woolwich, UK
Mahmoud Chizari
School of Design and Engineering, Brunel University West London, UK
ABSTRACT
This paper introduces a method to measure the kinematics of the knee using fluoroscopic imaging. The method involves two stages. In the first, the knee joint is recorded during normal gait by fluoroscopy using a mobile C-arm and an angiographic imaging system. The images then were processed to calculate the two-dimensional (2D) kinematics of the joint during the different phases of the gait cycle. This was then used to calculate three-dimensional (3D) kinematics of the joint. In parallel the reaction force on the knee joint was calculated using gait lab analysis. In the second stage, the 3D finite element model of the knee was created using computerised tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. The model was then used to analyse the joint contact loads during the gait cycle based on the input data obtained from the kinematic and reaction force data from stage one. This allowed the analysis of the mechanical behaviour of the knee and thus the stress distribution on the medial and lateral compartments of the knee.
Keywords: fluoroscopy, angiography, knee kinematics, gait analysis, finite element modelling
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